释义
n.
a member of a regime that formerly ruled parts of the Middle East. Descended from slaves, they ruled Syria (1260—1516) and Egypt (1250—1517), and continued as a ruling military caste in Ottoman Egypt until massacred by the viceroy Muhammad Ali in 1811.
马穆鲁克（原中东部分地区一统治集团成员，该集团原为奴隶，曾统治过叙利亚［１２６０—１５１６］ 和埃及［１２５０—１５１７］ ，后在奥斯曼帝国统治下的埃及在军界仍保持统治地位，直到１８１１年遭到总督穆罕默德·阿里的大屠杀）。
词源
"from French