1. Csárdás（或Czárdás）（匈牙利语： [tʃaːRDAːʃ] ，英文： /tʃɑrdæʃ /或//zɑrdəs）是一个传统的匈牙利 民间舞蹈，从csárda（旧匈牙利长期派生的名称酒馆）。它起源在匈牙利和罗姆人（Cigány）音乐乐队在匈牙利和邻近的土地： 塞尔维亚，斯洛伐克 ，斯洛文尼亚，布尔根兰州，克罗地亚，乌克兰， 特兰西瓦尼亚 和摩拉维亚，以及巴纳特保加利亚之间推广，包括保加利亚 。[ 2 ]\n的Csárdás的起源可以追溯到18世纪匈牙利 verbunkos，作为招聘舞蹈由匈牙利军队使用 。\nCsárdás是在变化的节奏特点：它开始慢慢（ lassú）和在一个非常快节奏的结束（ friss，字面意思是“新鲜”） 。有其他的节奏变化，被称为ritka csárdás ，苏茹 csárdás 和szökős csárdás 。音乐是在2 / 4或4 / 4 的时间 。\nCsárdás (or Czárdás) (Hungarian: [ˈtʃaːrdaːʃ], English: /ˈtʃɑrdæʃ/ or /ˈzɑrdəs/) is a traditional Hungarian folk dance, the name derived from csárda (old Hungarian term for tavern). It originated in Hungary and was popularized by Roma music (Cigány) bands in Hungary and neighboring lands of Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Burgenland, Croatia,Ukraine, Transylvania and Moravia, as well as among the Banat Bulgarians, including those in Bulgaria.[2]\nThe origin of the Csárdás can be traced back to the 18th century Hungarianverbunkos, used as a recruiting dance by the Hungarian army.\nThe Csárdás is characterized by a variation in tempo: it starts out slowly (lassú) and ends in a very fast tempo (friss, literally \fresh\). There are other tempo variations, called ritka csárdás, sűrű csárdás and szökős csárdás. The music is in2/4 or 4/4 time. The dancers are both male and female, with the women dressed in traditional wide skirts, usually colored red, which form a distinctive shape when they whirl.\nClassical composers who have used csárdás themes in their works include Emmerich Kálmán, Franz Liszt, Johannes Brahms, Léo Delibes, Johann Strauss, Pablo de Sarasate, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and others. The csárdás from Strauss' operettaDie Fledermaus, sung by the character Rosalinde, is probably the most famous example of this dance in vocal music. Probably the best-known instrumental csárdás is thecomposition by Vittorio Monti written for violin and piano. This virtuosic piece has 7 tempo variations. A recording of Monti's tune was made by Freddie Martin and His Orchestra (Whispering: Gene Conklin) in Holywood on November 6, 1948. It was released by RCA Victor Records as catalogue number 20-3123[3] and by EMI on the His Master's Voice label as catalogue number B 9716. The tune was arranged by Ballard.